LudosData/README.md

# LudosData

A personal video game library: catalogue what you own, what you've dumped,
played and finished.

Originally built in 2018 on Angular 5 + PHP + MySQL. Rebuilt in 2026 on
**Angular 22** and **ASP.NET Core 10** with **SQLite**, running in Docker.

---

## Quick start

```bash
cp .env.example .env
# Generate a signing key and put it in .env as JWT_KEY:
openssl rand -base64 48
# Also set SEED_USERNAME / SEED_EMAIL / SEED_PASSWORD for the first account.

docker compose up --build
```

Then open <http://localhost:8080> and sign in with the seed credentials.

On first run the API creates that account and imports the **105 games** recovered
from the 2018 database dump. Seeding only happens while the database has no users.

> **Password rules:** 12+ characters, with an uppercase, a lowercase and a digit.
> The API refuses to start if `JWT_KEY` is missing or shorter than 32 characters —
> that is deliberate, so a misconfigured deployment fails loudly instead of
> signing tokens with a guessable key.

---

## Layout

```
backend/          ASP.NET Core 10 Web API (C#)
  src/LudosData.Api/
    Domain/       Game, AppUser
    Data/         DbContext, migrations, seeder, games.json
    Auth/         JWT options, token service
    Controllers/  auth, games, images
    Services/     image storage
frontend/         Angular 22 SPA
  src/app/
    core/         models, services, guard, HTTP interceptor
    features/     login, register, game-grid, game-edit, account
    shared/       toolbar, confirm dialog
archive/          the original 2018 MySQL dump, for provenance
```

Everything stateful lives in one Docker volume (`ludos-data`): the SQLite file,
uploaded box art, and the Data Protection keys. Back that volume up and you have
backed up the whole application.

---

## Development

Host tooling (Node 24, .NET 10) is installed via Homebrew. `dotnet-ef` needs
`~/.dotnet/tools` on `PATH`, which `~/.bashrc.d/dotnet.sh` sets up.

```bash
# API on http://localhost:5099
cd backend/src/LudosData.Api
Jwt__Key="a-dev-key-of-at-least-32-characters!!" dotnet run

# SPA on http://localhost:4200, proxying /api and /uploads to :5099
cd frontend
npm start
```

```bash
cd frontend && npm test          # vitest
cd backend  && dotnet build      # 0 warnings expected
```

### Cover art

`tools/library/fetch_art.py` fills in box art, pushing each image through the
app's own `POST /api/images` so it gets the same validation and WebP re-encoding
as a manual upload. Standard library only — no virtualenv, and neither source
needs an account.

It tries two sources in order:

1. **[libretro-thumbnails](https://thumbnails.libretro.com)** — scanned retail
   boxes, named to the No-Intro / Redump conventions. Best art where it has any,
   but its coverage is the retro consoles. Its `Microsoft - Xbox 360` set exists
   but holds about a dozen entries.
2. **English Wikipedia** — a cover on essentially every notable game article,
   which is what fills the Xbox 360 shelf. The exact filename is read from the
   article's infobox rather than guessed from file names, since filtering names
   for "box" also matches `Xbox-360-Pro-wController.png`. Calls are throttled to
   one per second and cached; the API returns 429 if pushed harder.

```bash
cd tools/library
python3 fetch_art.py --password '...' --dry-run      # report matches, change nothing
python3 fetch_art.py --password '...'                # download and attach
python3 fetch_art.py --password '...' --overwrite    # also replace existing art
python3 fetch_art.py --password '...' --no-wikipedia # libretro only
```

Always dry-run first; it prints every match with a similarity score, marks the
source (`W` for Wikipedia), and flags anything below 0.95 for eyeballing.

Matching handles the gaps between a personal catalogue and a ROM-naming one:
accents (`Pokemon` → `Pokémon`), roman numerals (our SNES `Final Fantasy 2` is
the catalogue's `Final Fantasy II`), trailing articles (`Sims 2, The`), missing
subtitles in either direction, and outright typos — `Brett Hull Hocky 95` finds
`Brett Hull Hockey 95`. A sequel guard stops `Donkey Kong Country 2` from
silently taking `Donkey Kong Country`'s box.

All 105 games currently have art: 93 from libretro, 12 from Wikipedia.

Two rows got art of the right *game* but the wrong *platform*, because the
platform in the source data looks wrong — a Game Boy "Donkey Kong Country 2"
(never released on that system; the handheld sequels were *Donkey Kong Land*)
and a DS "Donkey Kong Country Returns" (a Wii game, later *Returns 3D* on 3DS).
Fix the system field and re-run with `--overwrite` to correct them.

Art is publisher copyright. Fetching it for a private collection is ordinary
practice for library software; redistributing it is a different question.

### Metadata enrichment

`tools/library/enrich_metadata.py` fills developer, publisher, year and
description from the same Wikipedia articles the cover fetcher locates. Only
empty fields are touched unless `--overwrite` is passed — anything typed by hand
outranks anything derived here.

```bash
cd tools/library
python3 enrich_metadata.py --password '...' --dry-run
python3 enrich_metadata.py --password '...'
python3 enrich_metadata.py --password '...' --fields developer,publisher
```

Coverage went from this to this:

| Field | Before | After |
| --- | --- | --- |
| year | 79% | 96% |
| developer | 3.8% | 95% |
| publisher | 2.9% | 96% |
| description | 0% | 96% |

Developer, publisher and year are facts, written verbatim. Descriptions are
article summaries, which are CC BY-SA, so each is stored with an attribution
line naming the source article.

Parsing an infobox is messier than it looks, and the guards matter:

- **Series articles are rejected.** A substring test for `Infobox video game`
  also matches `Infobox video game series`, which resolved Banjo-Kazooie to the
  series overview instead of the 1998 game.
- **Year is only filled when the article covers that platform.** An article
  spans every release, and its date block leads with the original — so a DS
  port would otherwise be dated to the SNES original.
- **A search hit that neither covers the platform nor closely matches the title
  is discarded.** Our "Dragon Ball Z Budokai" surfaces "Dragon Ball Z: Shin
  Budokai", a different game on a different console. A blank field beats a
  confidently wrong one.
- Platform headings (`'''PlayStation'''`), region codes (`JP`, `NA`), trailing
  platform annotations (`Rare (N64)`) and named template parameters (`title=`)
  are all stripped, since each one otherwise reads as the value itself.

Four games have no usable article: a typo'd title (`Brett Hull Hocky 95`),
`Dragon Ball Z Budokai`, and two niche releases.

### Export and import

Until this existed, the only backup was the Docker volume.

- `GET /api/library/export?format=json|csv`
- `POST /api/library/import?mode=Merge|Replace&dryRun=true` (multipart `file`)

Both are in the UI on the account page. JSON round-trips exactly and is the
right choice for a backup; CSV opens in a spreadsheet and is written with a BOM
so Excel does not mangle `Pokémon`. **Box art images are not bundled** — they
live in the upload volume, and a library imported into a fresh instance will
reference art that is not there until the fetcher runs again.

Rows are matched on **title + system**, so the same game on three consoles stays
three entries. `Merge` adds and updates but never deletes; `Replace` wipes the
library first and is confirmed twice in the UI. `dryRun` reports exactly what
would happen and writes nothing.

### Collector fields

Beyond the four original flags, each game carries rating (1-10), notes,
condition, region, what you paid and when, and a current market value.

`condition` is not cosmetic: price feeds quote per condition, and the gap
between loose and sealed is routinely a multiple, so it selects which quoted
price applies to a copy.

Market value is stored with **when it was captured** and **where it came from**.
A figure with neither is not something you can reason about, and a collection
total is only as good as its staleness. Editing an unrelated field leaves the
timestamp alone; changing the figure moves it. A future price feed writes the
same three columns.

**Money is stored as integer minor units.** SQLite has no decimal type, and EF
Core's default maps `decimal` to TEXT, which compares lexically — `"9.00"` sorts
above `"10.00"`, and SUM does not work at all. A value converter keeps the C#
side as `decimal` while ordering and totalling behave.

**Enums travel as names, not ordinals.** `"Cib"` is self-describing in a payload,
an export and a log line; `2` is not, and renumbering the enum would silently
reinterpret every stored export.

New query parameters: `condition`, `region`, `minRating`, `hasValue`. New sort
keys: `rating`, `value`, `price`, `purchased`.

### Market value

Three routes, deliberately independent, because each is blocked differently.

| Route | Blocked by | Cost | Basis |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| **CSV price guide** | nothing | free | whatever you supply |
| **PriceCharting** | nothing — immediate on subscribing | paid | sale-derived, per condition |
| **eBay Browse** | production keyset needs account verification | free | asking prices, reads high |
| Manual entry | nothing | free | your own judgement |

```
GET  /api/prices/status                       which sources are usable
POST /api/prices/refresh {provider, dryRun}   price from a live source
POST /api/prices/import  (multipart CSV)      apply a price list
```

**The CSV route needs no account and works today.** Column names are matched by
alias, so `product-name` / `console-name` / `loose-price` from a PriceCharting
export and a hand-kept `title,system,loose,cib,new` sheet are both accepted, as
are `$`, thousands separators and blank cells. Rows are matched on title +
system, so the same game on two consoles is priced separately; rows for games
you do not own are reported rather than added.

Free sources that do **not** work for this: eBay's completed-sales data sits
behind the Marketplace Insights API, a limited release closed to new
developers; NEXARDA and CheapShark price current retail and digital
storefronts, not collectibles. Scraping PriceCharting violates their terms.

Deriving a price from eBay listings takes more than an average:

- **Listings are classified into loose / CIB / new** from their titles, since a
  mixed feed has no single price. Accessories are discarded — a "box only"
  listing at $45 counted as a copy would halve the loose estimate for a $130
  cartridge — as are reproductions and multi-game lots.
- **The discard qualifier is required.** An early version matched a bare "box",
  which threw away "complete in box" and "with box and manual" — most of the CIB
  tier — while keeping exactly the listings the filter existed to remove. Caught
  by a test asserting on tiers rather than counts.
- **Median with an interquartile trim.** One optimist asking 50x moves a mean
  and not a median.
- **Sample counts travel with the estimate**, because a tier drawn from two
  listings deserves less confidence than one drawn from thirty.

Three prices are stored per game, and `marketValue` is whichever tier matches
that copy's condition — so changing a condition re-prices it with no further
lookup. Every value carries the source that wrote it and the moment it was
captured.

### Database changes

```bash
cd backend/src/LudosData.Api
dotnet ef migrations add <Name> --output-dir Data/Migrations
```

Migrations are applied automatically at startup.

---

## API

All `/api/games` and `/api/images` routes require `Authorization: Bearer <token>`.

| Method | Route | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- |
| `POST` | `/api/auth/register` | Returns a token; signs the new user straight in |
| `POST` | `/api/auth/login` | Returns `{ token, expiresAt, user }` |
| `GET` | `/api/auth/me` | Current user |
| `GET` | `/api/auth/available?userName=` / `?email=` | Returns only a boolean |
| `GET` | `/api/games` | `search, system, genre, own, dumped, played, finished, page, pageSize, sort, dir` |
| `GET` | `/api/games/{id}` | |
| `GET` | `/api/games/facets` | Distinct systems and genres, for filter dropdowns |
| `POST` | `/api/games` | |
| `PUT` | `/api/games/{id}` | |
| `DELETE` | `/api/games/{id}` | |
| `POST` | `/api/images` | multipart `file`; re-encodes to WebP |
| `GET` | `/health` | Anonymous |

**Ownership is always taken from the JWT subject, never from the request.** A game
belonging to another user returns `404`, not `403`, so the response does not
confirm that the id exists.

---

## Security notes

### Rotate the old database password

The 2018 code committed live MySQL credentials to this repository
(`interfaceServices/dbConfig.php`, and again in four other files). They are in git
history. **That password must be considered compromised and rotated**, regardless
of this rewrite. Removing the files does not remove them from history.

The new stack keeps secrets in `.env`, which is gitignored.

### What was fixed in the rewrite

The old backend was ~16,700 lines of PHP, of which ~16,400 were vendored
third-party code — four near-identical copies of `php-crud-api` plus
`class.upload.php`. Only ~150 lines were application logic. These problems were
not carried across:

| Old behaviour | Now |
| --- | --- |
| Two endpoints exposed unauthenticated CRUD over every table | Every data route requires a valid token |
| Client chose whose rows to read (`filter[]=userId,eq,N`) | Owner comes from the JWT subject, server-side |
| Login hardcoded to a single username | Any registered user can sign in |
| `crypt()` with one global salt, silently truncating passwords to 8 chars | ASP.NET Core Identity (PBKDF2, per-user salt) |
| JWT secret was the literal string `"testing"`, tokens never expired | Key required from config, 12-hour expiry |
| Token passed in the query string | `Authorization: Bearer` header |
| Uploads anonymous, path built from the client filename | Authenticated, server-generated name, per-user folder, must decode as an image |
| `Access-Control-Allow-Origin: *` | Explicit origin allowlist |

Passwords could not be migrated — the old hashes are unrecoverable by design.

### Known accepted risk

`npm audit` reports a moderate advisory in `@hono/node-server`, reached
transitively through `@angular/cli`'s MCP server feature. It is:

- **dev-only** — `npm audit --omit=dev` reports 0 vulnerabilities, and it is not in the browser bundle
- a **Windows-only** path traversal, on a Linux-only toolchain here

`npm audit fix --force` would downgrade Angular CLI to 21.0.4, a breaking change.
Overriding the dependency means forcing a major bump the MCP SDK does not accept
(`^1.19.9`). Left as-is deliberately; revisit when Angular CLI updates the SDK.

---

## Notable version facts (as of 2026-08)

- **Angular 22.1** is **zoneless** — there is no `zone.js` in the dependency tree.
  Component state must be signal-based for change detection to see it.
- **`@angular/animations` is deprecated in v22**; Material 22 no longer depends on
  it. There is no `provideAnimations()` in `app.config.ts`, and a test pins that
  Material still renders without one.
- Unit tests run on **Vitest**, not Karma/Jasmine.
- Fonts and Material icons are bundled from `node_modules`, so the app makes no
  third-party requests at runtime.
- The backend pins two transitive packages (`Microsoft.OpenApi`,
  `SQLitePCLRaw.lib.e_sqlite3`) to clear high-severity advisories. See the comment
  in `LudosData.Api.csproj`.
- Image processing uses **SkiaSharp**, not ImageSharp: ImageSharp v4 requires a
  paid licence key at build time.